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HAR KARKOM SITES 100-199
HK/100Coordinates: 124.3/968.5
Description: A plain slightly below the plateau reveals an ensemble of stones, which mark the
remains of a bivouac. Natural crevices on two sides make this a particularly well-
protected site.
Rock Art: 4 rocks with figures of different patinas.
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art, station.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/101a-bCoordinates: 124.3/968.3
Description: A stone alignment, which completes a natural shape, seems to be the remains of a
geoglyph.
Rock Art: 6 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Geoglyph, rock art, stone alignment.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/102aCoordinates: 124.3/968.7
Rock Art: 2 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/102bCoordinates: 124.4/968.6
Description: Remains of 3 round hut floors and 3 flint workshops of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
In the flat area below, there are traces of Bedouin agricultural terracing
Finds: Flints flaked with the Levallois technique.
Periods MC: MP.
Rock Art: Northwest of the site, there are 2 rocks with engravings from different phases and with
different patinas. 1 engraving represents a dog with an open mouth in pursuit of an
antelope. Another represents a camel.
Periods RA: IV-C, V.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshops, terrace.
Bibliography EA86, p. 305.
HK/103Coordinates: 125.4/968.8
Description: Stone circle. Standing stone near rock art.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks. Scenes include depiction of a struggle between 2 horsemen and
Bedouin wassum. 1 of the rocks has a deeply engraved relief which is likely to have
been an anthropomorphic face now partly destroyed.
Periods RA: V, VI-VII.
Site typology: Anthropomorphic stones, orthostats, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/104aCoordinates: 125.55/970.0
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors, 1 on the NW is very large (16x5 m in size), that on SE is
round (3-4 in diameter m), and in the middle, a small oval area.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/104bCoordinates: 125.5/969.3
Description: A large enclosure for animals. A green area may indicate a source of water nearby. A
rock shelter 50 m north.
Periods MC: ISL.
Rock Art: 1 engraved rock.
Periods RA: VI, VII.
Site typology: Enclosure, rock art, rock shelter.
HK/105Coordinates: 125.7/968.9
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors connected by a path. Some stones make a small heap on the
floor of the central hut and a boulder inside another hut.
Finds: Abundant worked flints of high quality, likely to belong to a final phase of the
Mousterian. Predominantly flakes but a few rough blades are also present.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/106aCoordinates: 125.99/968.85
Description: Remains of 7 round hut floors, 1 of which has a group of flint cores in the centre. All
around there are worked flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period. To the east, a V-
shaped rock has, nearby, a rough stone-built structure.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: MP, UP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/106bCoordinates: 126.2/968.9
Description: Temporary encampment
Finds: One flint blade.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Encampment
Bibliography:
HK/106cCoordinates: 126.2/968.8
Description: Flint workshop. A flint nucleus of Middle Palaeolithic could still be connected to three
MP flakes, detached by Levallois technique. The nucleus has been re-utilized to detach
one or two flakes during the BAC period (showing a much later patina).
Finds: Flints: MP and BAC flakes. Byzantine pottery, fragment of copper vessel.
Periods MC: MP, BAC, RBY.
Rock Art: Three engraved rocks on a terrace. The hammerstone used for rock engravings was
still lying near a rock.
Periods RA: AR IV-A, VI.
Site typology: Flint workshop; rock art.
Bibliography:
HK/106dCoordinates: 126,60/968,46
Description: Large ceremonial site on two terraces placed at two different levels along a path
coming from Paran desert and directed to the edge of the mountain plateau. At the first
level, a private shrine with a stone circle is in front of a pillar. The surface inside the
circle has been carefully cleared of stones. Two trails connect the upper with the lower
level from North and South. At the lower level, several stone structures including: a
boulder surrounded by two concentric stone circles; a stone alignment in semi-circle
near another boulder; another oval-shaped stone structure; at least 5 tumuli. Flint
workshop. The site, BAC in type, appears to have been utilized also during RBY.
Two small rock shelters above the upper level have been closed by low walls. At the
lower level, more have been built up by closing small rock shelters with stone walls.
These small rock shelters closed by built walls are likely to contain Islamic burials.
Finds: BAC flints, among them "cananean" blades from the Early Bronze Age. BAC,
Byzantine and Islamic pottery. Copper vessel fragment.
Periods MC: BAC, RBY, ISL
Rock Art: One engraved rock on the upper level.
Periods RA: AR IV-A, VII.
Site typology: Boulder; flint workshop; rock art; rock shelter; shrine; stone circle; tumuli.
Bibliography:
HK/106eCoordinates: 126,30/968,46
Description: Squared stone structure, using a boulder on one side. The inner surface has been
carefully cleared of stones. On one corner there is a group of stones fallen from above.
Finds: Rough, red painted pottery, likely to be Neolithic. Byzantine pottery.
Periods MC: NEO, RBY.
Site typology: Living sites-other.
Bibliography:
HK/106fCoordinates: 126.1/969.0
Description: Large flint workshop, scattered over a surface of 3000 m2.
Finds: Flint nuclei, flakes and tools.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Site typology: Flint workshop.
Bibliography:
HK/107Coordinates: 126.18/969.13
Description: Black stones are organised in a row, 4 of them are engraved. Remains of a bivouac
with fireplace in a crevice (Islamic?)
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: V, VI.
Site typology: Encampment, fireplace, rock art, stone alignment.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305; EA97b, p. 20.
HK/107bCoordinates: 126.22/968.08
Description: Two tumuli on the saddle connecting the sites HK 107 and HK 108.
Finds: A large flint scraper and a large bifacial tool are both of BAC period.
Periods MC: BAC.
Site typology: Tumuli.
Bibliography:
HK/108Coordinates: 126.34/969.15
Description: Large flat area on the saddle at the extreme north end of Har Karkom. A large number
of dark boulders seem to have been beaten there intentionally. They are aligned and
form a large oval shape measuring about 60 m in length. Several of these dark rocks
are engraved with figures.
Finds: Flints from the Middle Palaeolithic period; some of them have BAC retouching.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Rock Art: 5 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: VI.
Site typology: Rock art, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305; EA97b, p. 20.
HK/109Coordinates: 126.5/969.6
Description: Isolated hill, which marks the northern most point of the mountain. There is a wide
plateau at its top with large stones, several of which have been placed in their positions
intentionally, forming circles. 2 tumuli. A deep crevice shows signs of having been
used as a shelter.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic and BAC period.
Periods MC: UP, BAC.
Rock Art: 3 engraved rocks with figures from different phases and with different patinas. A pair
of ideograms found at other sites of the mountain is also represented here.
Periods RA: IV-A, V, VI-VII.
Site typology: Rock art, rock shelter, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/110aCoordinates: 125.7/968.7
Rock Art: 13 engraved rocks. Hunting scene with bow-and-arrow and dogs.
Periods RA: III, IV-A.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/110bCoordinates: 125.8/968.7
Finds: Worked flints from the Upper Palaeolithic, many of which show traces of secondary
retouching dating to the BAC period, are found next to the concentration of rock art at
site HK/110. A few flints of BAC type include fan scrapers.
Periods MC: UP, BAC.
Site typology: Station.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 305.
HK/111Coordinates: 125.72/968.6
Description: Stone circles in connection with rock art.
Finds: Flints of BAC type, which have reutilised Palaeolithic flints.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Rock Art: About 12 engraved rocks. Several fine figures of animals executed in a virtually
filiform technique.
Periods RA: III, IV-A, IV-C, VI.
Site typology: Rock art, stone circles.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306; EA93a, p. 48.
HK/112Coordinates: 125.68/968.52
Description: Remains of stone alignments.
Rock Art: 3 engraved rocks, 1 of which is quite large. Hunting scene. Colour differences in the
patina of different figures make a clear stratigraphy.
Periods RA: III, IV-A, IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art, stone alignments.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/113aCoordinates: 125.5/968.4
Finds: Flints from the Palaeolithic and BAC periods.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Rock Art: Four engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, VI-VII.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/113bCoordinates: 125.6/968.3
Description: Remains of a round hut floor, remains of geoglyphs.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Rock Art: 6 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: II?, IVA,VI-VII?.
Site typology: Campsite, geoglyph.
Bibliography: EA96b, p. 25.
HK/113cCoordinates: 125.5/968.3
Description: Remains of a round hut floor.
Finds: Anomalous flint flakes and blades of an early phase Upper Palaeolithic (Karkomian?).
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/113dCoordinates: 125.3/968.4
Description: 4 round, small hut floors, aligned northeast-southwest.
Finds: An Acheulean hand-axe. Flints of the early Upper Palaeolithic period (Karkomian).
Periods MC: LP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/114aCoordinates: 125.6/968.5
Description: 7 oval hut floors west of the ravine edge.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: UP.
Rock Art: 7 engraved rocks. One is rather large and has about 50 figures across its surface.
Periods RA: IVA, IVC, VI-VII.
Site typology: Campsite, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/114bCoordinates: 125.8/968.5
Description: Remains of 2 hut floors, the one to the west is round, the other, larger, is oval-shaped
(4x2, 5 m in size) at SE.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/114cCoordinates: 125.9/968.6
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors aligned in direction E-W. A double stone alignment leads to a
semi-circle with a stone in the middle. The stone structure and the hut floors belong to
two different periods.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, stone alignment.
HK/114dCoordinates: 125.8/968.6
Description: Some 100 m west of site 114c, an isolated round hut floor on the hamada.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: LP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/115Coordinates: 125.6/968.4
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks. A Nabataean inscription and engravings of periods IV-A and IV-C.
A hunting scene from period III.
Periods RA: III, IV-A, IV-C.
Site typology: Inscription, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/116Coordinates: 125.44/968.48
Description: Remains of an encampment with stone alignments and circles. It has been reused
recently (Bedouin?).
Site typology: Encampment, stone alignment, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/117Coordinates: 125.3/968.5
Rock Art: 5 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/118Coordinates: 125.2/968.5
Rock Art: 6 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/119Coordinates: 124.5/968.5
Description: On the edge of the plateau, remains of 6 round hut floors in a semi-circle.
Finds: Aurignacian flints. A Gravettian core.
Periods MC: UP.
Rock Art: 1 engraved rock with 3 animals in 3 various styles.
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, V.
Site typology: Campsite, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/119bCoordinates: 124.5/968.6
Description: Upper Palaeolithic site with 3 hut floors. The largest is oval-shaped (7 x 5 m) and is
placed in a natural depression of the rock. The other 2 huts are placed on north. A path
reaching a big flint workshop crosses the site. Another flint workshop north of the site.
Finds: UP flints (Aurignacian denticulated).
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
HK/120aCoordinates: 125.7/967.9
Description: A large area cleared of stones, 60x18 m in size, with a trail leading up to it. It is a
large site of the Lower Palaeolithic period, as shown by the finding of several bifacial
flint implements of the Acheulean Industry. The site has also been utilised in later
periods: there are barrows and piles of stones.
Finds: Acheulean bifacial flint implements and Clactonian flints. Mousterian flints made by
Levallois technique. Early Upper Palaeolithic flints. Flints and pottery of the BAC
period.
Periods MC: LP, MP, UP, BAC, SL.
Site typology: Station.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/120bCoordinates: 125.6/967.9
Description: Palaeolithic site with 7 round hut floors in a circle surrounding a large flint workshop
of approximately 1000 sqm.
Finds: Flints of the Early Upper Palaeolithic Industry.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/120cCoordinates: 125.7/967.8
Description: A group of 3 hut floors, the largest is oval-shaped and measures 4x3 m
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/120dCoordinates: 125.7/968.0
Description: On the west of the site 120e, separated by a small hill, 6 round hut floors, 5 of them are
aligned in a semicircle in E-W direction, the other being isolated to the south. Large
flint workshop, with flint nodules and implements of the Middle Palaeolithic scattered
over an area of the 200 sqm.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/120eCoordinates: 125.6/968.0
Description: 4 large round hut floors. 2 have hearths inside. Geoglyphs: traces of alignments of
stones which are today partly destroyed. It may have represented a large geoglyph.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: LP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, geoglyph, stone alignment.
HK/121Coordinates: 123.6/966.2
Description: Small rock shelter with traces of a hearth and a partially destroyed closing wall. It
opens at the same level as site HK/70 in a parallel valley. The caves are about 300 m
from each other, and there is a knoll between them.
Finds: Pottery.
Periods MC: ISL.
Site typology: Cave, fireplace, rock shelter.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/122aCoordinates: 123.4/968.4
Description: Remains of BAC settlement with about 15 structures, 1 of which is a "courtyard". At
least 5 appear to be dwelling units. Stone circles and 3 tumuli. North, a boulder fallen
from above is surrounded by piles of stones. Several stones have been intentionally
placed on its top. 2 other similar ensembles are encountered at this same site: 2
boulders encircled by stones intentionally piled up against them.
In a small valley behind the site there is another boulder, with a natural
anthropomorphic shape. A stone circle has been built on the eastern side of the stone.
Finds: Pottery and flint.
Periods MC: UP, BAC, ISL.
Site typology: Anthropomorphic stone, courtyard, living sites, stone circle, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/122bCoordinates: 123.4/968.3
Description: Remains of BAC settlement, very similar to the adjacent site HK/122a, it may be the
continuation of the same settlement. There is also a courtyard structure here, similar in
shape and dimensions to the one at site HK/122a. Several minor structures and 3
tumuli.
Finds: Pottery and flints. Several of the flints may be of an early BAC phase and 2 elongated
flint blades are likely to be Neolithic.
Periods MC: NEO, BAC.
Rock Art: 1 stone with dark patina engravings on 2 sides. Two worshippers on one side. One of
them seems to have a dagger at its belt. On the other side there is an unclear engraving
of a scorpion and a schematic human figure having the same size.
Periods RA: IV-A.
Site typology: Courtyard, rock art, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/122cCoordinates: 123.5/968.3
Description: Remains of 2 rectangular stone structures and several heaps of stones on the hill which
overlooks site HK/122a. It appears to be a temporary watch point, which may have
been used only once for a specific purpose. A group of aligned slabs may indicate the
presence of a tomb. Some 60 m to the east there are remains of an ancient fireplace
about 2.50 m in diameter.
Site typology: Fireplace, heaps of stones, living site, slab, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 306.
HK/123Coordinates: 124.5/968.7
Description: Remains of 3 oval hut floors, the largest measuring 4x3 m.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/124Coordinates: 124.6/968.7
Description: Flat sandy area cleared of stones with a low agricultural terracing wall, probably
Islamic.
Finds: Pottery.
Periods MC: RBY, ISL.
Rock Art: 1 engraved rock.
Periods RA: V.
Site typology: Rock art, terrace.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/125Coordinates: 124.8/968.7
Description: A series of natural rock shelters along the northern external flank of the mountain;
several have low walls.
Finds: Flints and pottery.
Periods MC MP, ISL.
Site typology: Rock shelters.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/126aCoordinates: 124.7/968.3
Finds: Flints BAC.
Periods MC: BAC.
Rock Art: 6 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/126bCoordinates: 124.7/968.4
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks, including the so-called "Tablets of the Law".
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, VI.
Finds: BAC Flint blade with retouched edges.
Periods MC: BAC.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA93a, p. 6; EA96b, p. 39; EA97a, p. 112; SS90, p. 10.
HK/126c Coordinates: 124.8/968.3
Description: Concentration of flints made by Levallois technique.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Station.
HK/127aCoordinates: 124.8/968.1
Description: Remains of 8 hut floors, round-shaped, irregularly aligned in direction NW-SE over an
area of ca. 100 m. The central hut is the largest and connected with another hut by a
hearth and by a narrow path.
Finds: Several well-made MP flints. Late Mousterian with a few blades. Some flints seem re-
used, showing UP retouching. Also 2 micro-scrapers of the Early Upper Palaeolithic
period were found.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Rock Art: 9 engraved rocks, in an area measuring about m 60x30.
Periods RA: V, VI.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/127bCoordinates: 124.8/968.0
Description: Traces of a geoglyph between HK/127 and HK/27b.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Geoglyph.
HK/128Coordinates: 126.1/967.9
Description: Stone circles and piles of stones, distinct traces of an encampment, in the crevice on
the eastern side of the mountain.
Site typology: Encampment, heaps of stones, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/129Coordinates: 126.2/967.8
Description: An enclosure made with stones, and remains of other structures, in the crevice on the
eastern side of the mountain.
Finds: Pottery (ISL).
Periods MC: ISL.
Rock Art: 2 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, VI.
Site typology: Courtyard, enclosure, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/130Coordinates: 124.2/967.3
Rock Art: 20 engraved rocks with many superimpositions, including Thamudic inscriptions,
several of which appear to be quite ancient. Patina shades indicate that there are
different phases of inscriptions so-called Thamudic.
Periods RA: III, IV-A, IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Inscriptions, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/131Coordinates: 123.8/967.4
Description: Courtyard structure with a minor structure adjacent to it. In the immediate vicinity, UP
flints.
Finds: Pottery and flint (UP).
Periods MC: BAC, UP.
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, V, VI.
Site typology: Courtyard, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/132Coordinates: 123.7/967.9
Description: Remains of 7 stone structures, 2 of which rather large, and 2 tumuli.
Periods MC: BAC.
Rock Art: 9 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-A, IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Hamlet, rock art, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/133Coordinates: 124.1/966.0
Description: Remains of 4 round hut floors: the largest hut, in the middle, is about 4 m in diameter.
2 smaller areas cleared of stones.
Finds: A large oval-shaped grinding stone broken in 2 parts. Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic
and BAC period.
Periods MC: UP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/134Coordinates: 124.1/965.8
Description: Palaeolithic site in a saddle on the edge of plateau. On the slope, flint outcrops are
evident, with at least 2 workshops. A path connects the flint outcrops with the remains
of 5 hut floors. 2 are better preserved than the others. They may belong to different
periods. Near the site, 3 small stone circles and 2 well-evident hearths. A round stone
barrow near the site.
Finds: Many thin blades of the early Upper Palaeolithic (Aurignacian) period.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, flint workshops, stone circle, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/135aCoordinates: 124.3/965.8
Description: Agricultural terracing at the bottom of the wadi.
Periods MC: RBY.
Site typology: Terrace.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/135bCoordinates: 124.5/965.8
Description: Remains of 2 structures, a rectangular and a circular building, plus 5 Islamic tombs.
The place was some sort of a temporary camp. Black stones found in and around the
site are the remains of fireplaces. Remains of agricultural terracing on the wadi. About
200 m along the wadi, there is another Islamic tomb and further on remains of
terracing.
Periods MC: BYZ, ISL.
Site typology: Encampment, fireplace, terrace, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307; EA95, p. 10.
HK/136aCoordinates: 125.7/964.8
Description: Remains of 2 hut floors connected by a path. 1 hut is very large (14 m diam.).
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Rock Art: Four engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-C, VI, VII.
Site typology: Campsite, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/136bCoordinates: 125.6/694.7
Description: A large station of the Lower Palaeolithic on an area cleared of stones (22 m x 11 m). A
round, small hut floor 9 m south.
Finds: Flint tools and flakes of Lower Palaeolithic. Some Middle Palaeolithic flints have also
been found.
Periods MC: LP, MP.
Site typology: Campsite, station.
HK/137a Coordinates: 125.8/964.4
Rock Art: 6 engraved rocks, along an ancient trail climbing up the mountain from the east.
Periods RA: IV-C, V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/137bCoordinates: 125.5/964.5
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors in a row on the extreme south of the mountain.
Periods MC: LP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/137cCoordinates: 125.7/964.7
Description: Remains of 4 hut floors are aligned E-W in a row on the top of a hill. A flint
workshop.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: LP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
HK/137dCoordinates: 125.6/964.6
Description: Remains of 2 round hut floors and 2 flint workshops.
Finds: Middle Palaeolithic cores and flakes made by Levallois technique.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
HK/138aCoordinates: 125.8/964.2
Description: Traces of a path leading to the mountain plateau from the east. This difficult ascent
can be followed from above for a distance of several hundred metres. 1 portion of the
trail has an alignment of stones along it.
Rock Art: 24 rocks with engravings on both sides of a trail leading onto the plateau.
Periods RA: III, IVA, IVC, V, VI, VII.
Site typology: Rock art, stone alignment.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/138bCoordinates: 125.8/964.3
Description: Remains of 5 Palaeolithic hut floors.
Periods MC: PAL (probably MP).
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/138cCoordinates: 125.9/964.1
Description: Rock engravings.
Finds: No material culture found.
Periods MC:
Rock Art: One engraved rock.
Periods RA: IVA, V, VII.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography:
HK/138dCoordinates: 125.9/964.6
Description: Rock engravings.
Finds: No material culture found.
Periods MC:
Rock Art: Three engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IVC, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography:
HK/139Coordinates: 125.5/964.1
Rock Art: 2 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: Mostly VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/139bCoordinates: 126.0/964.4
Description: Rock engravings.
Finds: No material culture found.
Periods MC:
Rock Art: Five engraved rocks, the pictures represent, among other subjects, an ibex in
naturalistic style, camels, a scene with a horseman and an ibex.
Periods RA: III, IVA, IVC, V, VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography:
HK/140Coordinates: 125.3/964.0
Sight typology: Rock art.
Rock Art: 3 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-C, V, VI.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/141Coordinates: 125.2/964.1
Description: Group of several heaps of stones.
Rock Art: 2 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: VI, VII.
Site typology: Heaps of stones, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 307.
HK/142Coordinates: 125.0/964.1
Description: A stone circle and a few heaps of stones measuring approximately 50cm in diameter;
probably a burial ground.
Site typology: Heap of stones.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/143Coordinates: 124.8/964.6
Description: 2 semicircles built of stone and other remains of structures likely to represent a
seasonal, pastoral camp.
Finds: Pottery.
Periods MC: RBY.
Rock Art: Rock engravings on 1 of the stones used in the structure.
Periods RA: VI.
Site typology: Encampment, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/144aCoordinates: 124.8/965.8
Description: Remains of 5 oval-shaped hut floors arranged in a circle.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic (probably only 1 phase with flints including a blade
with Levallois and flake techniques) and Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/144bCoordinates: 124.8/965.8
Description: Site with 4 hut floors and a stone circle (hearth?), 45 m from the site 144.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic (probably only 1 phase with flints including a blade
with Levallois and flake techniques) and Upper Palaeolithic periods.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace.
HK/145aCoordinates: 124.4/966.1
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors. The largest, in the middle, is oval shaped; 2 smaller areas
cleared of stones.
Finds: Flints, Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/145bCoordinates: 124.4/966.1
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors. The largest is oval-shaped. A hearth and 2 anthropomorphic-
shaped stones face each other.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic, Neolithic and BAC periods.
Periods MC: MP, NEO, BAC.
Site typology: Anthropomophoric stones, campsite, fireplace.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/145cCoordinates: 124.4/966.0
Description: Remains of 3 round, small hut floors.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/145dCoordinates: 124.4/966.1
Description: A small collection of stones with fossils in a heap.
Site typology: Station.
HK/146aCoordinates: 125.8/966.2
Description: Remains of 6 round hut floors aligned in a row in a NE-SW direction. The 2 in the
centre are larger than the others and measure 5.4 m and 6.5 m in diameter
respectively.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/146bCoordinates: 125.7/966.3
Description: An orthostat (70 x 25 cm). Another fallen orthostat in the immediate vicinity.
Site typology: Orthostats.
HK/146cCoordinates: 125.8/966.0
Description: Remains of 1 round hut floor (2.8 m). There is a hearth at 11 m. A little orthostat in
the middle, surrounded and held in place by flint nodules.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic period (Karkomian?), out of which 2 percuseurs
(spheroid hammering tools).
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, orthostat.
HK/146dCoordinates: 125.7/966.0
Finds: Upper Palaeolithic flint implements.
Site typology: Station.
Periods MC: UP.
HK/147Coordinates: 126.0/966.4
Description: A group of 7 round hut floors, 3 of them are larger than the others (4.5 m) and 2
smaller areas are cleared of stones. 3 paths cross the site.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic and BAC periods.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/148aCoordinates: 126.2/966.3
Description: Remains of 8 oval hut floors. 4 of them are aligned in a row in a NW-SE direction with
a path running along them.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/148bCoordinates: 126.2/966.5
Description: In the south of site 86b a large round hut floor (9 m diameter).
Finds: "Aterian" notched points and late Middle Palaeolithic flints.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/149aCoordinates: 126.1/966.6
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors aligned in a row. Inside 1 of them was a collection of stones.
Finds: Flints of Lower and Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: LP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308; EA93a, p. 81.
HK/149bCoordinates: 125.9/966.6
Description: A circular area cleared of stones near the site HK/149a appears to be the remains of a
hut floor.
Finds: Flints of Middle Palaeolithic and Upper Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/149cCoordinates: 126.1/966.7
Description: Remains of 3 oval hut floors. There are small stone circles near the huts. Remains of
an altar with stone alignment.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic period.
Site typology: Campsite, shrine, stone alignment.
HK/150Coordinates: 121.2/965.8
Description: 3 tumuli in proximity of recently piled stones.
Periods MC: BAC?, ISL.
Site typology: Tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/151Coordinates: 121.3/965.7
Description: Stone structures and 5 circularised heaps of stones .
Finds: BAC flints and 1 piece of RBY pottery.
Periods MC: BAC, RBY.
Site typology: Heaps of stone, plaza.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308; EA87, p. 33.
HK /152Coordinates: 121.2/965.7
Description: A series of 12 stone structures, 10 of which form a plaza circle measuring about 33 m
in diameter. The other 2 are inside the circle.
Excavations: Sounding of silos, structure no. 11: the earth inside is more brown-grey than at the
surface. At the depth of 45cm a layer of limestone was found. It became clear that a
silo was dug into the soil and subsequently filled in (soil sample with unworked flints
and charcoal); 70cm deep the soil changes: the kind of soil used for the filling was
sandy, grey and mixed with small grey particles (charcoal?); and clumps of limestone
(natural soil). This filling indicates that in the BAC period, there was a lot of organic
material and natural unworked flints at the surface. 75-80 cm, on the eastern side of
the hole carbonised pieces of wood were discovered. The section establishes that the
hole was some sort of a dug-in silo.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: BAC.
Rock Art:
Periods RA:
Site typology: Plaza.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308; EA87 p. 33; EA93. pp. 45 & 46; EA88a, p. 115.
HK/153aCoordinates: 122.6/964.0
Description: Remains of a settlement on both sides of the wadi. A large stone enclosure adjacent to
a stone circle flanked by 4 smaller circles. An engraved stone in a stone circle.
Numerous structures on the south terrace of the wadi. Several are tumuli and at least 4
are dwelling units.
Periods MC: BAC, RBY, ISL.
Periods RA: VI.
Site typology: Courtyard, living site, stone circle, tumuli, other.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/153bCoordinates: 122.6/963.9
Description: Enclosure with structures surrounding it at the confluence of 2 wadis. 3 stone
structures. 3 successive natural steps on the rocks have been artificially reinforced by
stones and used as agricultural terraces. 30 m east, 5 standing stones arranged in a
semicircle. Further up on the hill, 8 standing stones forming an oval arrangement.
Periods MC: BAC.
Site typology: Courtyard, enclosure, terrace.
HK/153cCoordinates: 122.9/964.0
Description: Remains of nomadic encampment.
Periods MC: ISL.
Site typology: Encampment.
HK/153dCoordinates: 122.6/963.8
Description: Remains of a nomadic encampment and funerary area with small tumuli.
Finds: BAC flint, RBY & ISL pottery.
Periods MC: BAC, RBY, ISL.
Site typology: Encampment, tumuli.
HK/154aCoordinates: 123.7/964.1
Description: 2 large stone circles and the remains of other structures were found on the terrace of a
small wadi.
Periods MC: RBY.
Site typology: Row, stone circles, terrace.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/154bCoordinates: 123.9/964.2
Description: Remains of a courtyard structure (BAC) in proximity of 3 smaller structures. A large
area cleared of stones may have been used for agricultural purposes. The courtyard
structure has a general rectangular shape with 4 rooms creating 4 angles.
Periods MC: BAC.
Site typology: Courtyard.
Bibliography: EA93a, p. 38.
HK/154cCoordinates: 123.8/964.1
Description: Remains of 3 circular dwelling units and 2 large enclosures are located on a terrace at
the edge of the wadi.
Site typology: Row, terrace.
HK/155Coordinates: 121.7/963.5
Description: A pile of stones and 2 hut floors.
Rock Art: 4 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: IV-C, VI.
Site typology: Campsite, heaps of stones, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/156Coordinates: 121.3/964.1
Description: 12 piles of stone arranged in a large circle, forming a plaza site. 3 of the structures are
large enough to be considered dwelling units.
Finds: Flint tools; native stone containing iron.
Periods MC: BAC.
Site typology: Plaza.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308; EA87 pp. 21, 33 & 54/55.
HK/157Coordinates: 121.7/964.9
Finds: A long bone, partially fossilised, with cut marks probably made with a flint implement.
The bone has been identified as donkey or ass by Dr. E. Tchernov of the Hebrew
University.
Site typology: Other.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/158Coordinates: 122.2-3/964.8
Description: 5 stone circles, 1 of which with courtyard that could be a hut floor. Probably a plaza
site. Nearby are elongated walls and heaps of stones.
Finds: Flints. Numerous atypical flakes.
Periods MC: UP, BAC, ISL.
Rock Art: In the heaps of stones, 1 engraved stone.
Periods RA: V-VI.
Site typology: Campsite, heaps of stone, plaza, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/159aCoordinates: 122.7/967.6
Description: Group of 4 tumuli on the top of a hill.
Site typology: Tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 308.
HK/ 159b Coordinates: 122.7/967.7
Description: On the top of a hill overlooking site HK/317, 2 oval hut floors bearing flints.
Finds: Retouched flints (UP) that have been fractured due to use.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/160Coordinates: 124.1/968.9
Description: 4 rectangular structures on the western terrace of the wadi and 5 smaller stone circles
toward the wadi. 60 m north, there is another rectangular structure.
Finds: Pottery and flint. 1 "chopper" perhaps not Palaeolithic.
Periods MC: RBY.
Site typology: Row, terrace.
HK/161Coordinates: 124.1/969.1
Description: Remains of 6 rectangular and oval stone structures on both sides of a small wadi, along
with a stone enclosure. A small dolmen-like structure with 2 vertical stones. A tumulus
on the overlooking hill.
Finds: Numerous BAC flints, and sporadic pottery.
Periods MC: BAC, RBY, ISL.
Site typology: Hamlet, tumulus.
HK/162Coordinates: 124.6/969.1
Description: A stone circle with a trail leading north. A row of stones adjacent to that circle. A large
tumulus and several heaps of stones.
Site typology: Heaps of stone, stone circle, tumulus.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/163Coordinates: 124.6/969.5
Description: Remains of low walls and piles of stones approximately 60 m along the wadi.
Site typology: Heaps of stone.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/164Coordinates: 124.7/969.4
Rock Art: 3 engraved rocks.
Periods RA: VI.
Site typology: Rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/165Coordinates: 124.8/969.6
Description: Remains of 4 rectangular structures and several piles of stones are in close proximity to
a Bedouin encampment.
Periods MC: RBY, ISL.
Site typology: Encampment, heaps of stone, row.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/166Coordinates: 124.8/969.7
Description: Bedouin encampment.
Finds: Pottery.
Periods MC: ISL.
Rock Art: 1 engraved rock.
Periods RA: VII.
Site typology: Encampment, rock art.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/167Coordinates: 124.7/969.6
Description: A stone circle and several heaps of stones.
Site typology: Heaps of stones, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/168Coordinates: 124.6/969.7
Description: 2 tumuli, 2 stone circles and 2 enclosures.
Finds: Pottery.
Periods MC: RBY.
Site typology: Enclosures, stone circle, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/169Coordinates: 124.7/969.8
Description: Remains of tumuli and other stone structures. Remains of agricultural terracing in a
lateral wadi.
Periods MC: RBY.
Site typology: Terrace, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/170Coordinates: 124.5/969.8
Description: Remains of stone structures. Tumulus measuring 1.5 m in diameter, and next to it an
orthostat. Stone circle, 1.2 m in diameter. West of the site is an alignment of 11-12
small stele oriented northwest-eastwest towards Har Karkom.
Finds: Abundant BAC flints and a quartz crystal.
Periods MC: BAC.
Rock Art: A rock engraved with 2 snakes.
Periods RA: IV-A.
Site typology: Orthostat, rock art, stone circle, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 309.
HK/180Coordinates: 125.6/969.9
Description: 3 stone circles and several tumuli. Terracing in a shallow wadi may be much older
than the terraces in the vicinity.
Finds: Flints. An arrow head and a large fan scraper, on a primary flake.
Periods MC: BAC.
Rock Art: 2 rocks engraved with geometric motifs whose dark patina indicates their age.
Periods RA: IVC, VI?.
Site typology: Encampment, rock art, stone circle, terrace, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/181Coordinates: 125.8/969.8
Description: Agricultural terracing on a flat ground next to the wadi and a stone-built canal
functioning in the collection of water. Remains of 4 rectangular and circular structures
on bank of the wadi made with large boulders. 2 phases of construction can be
distinguished. 2 tumuli to the south.
Period MC; RBY, ISL.
Site typology: Canal, living sites-other, terrace, tumuli.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/188Coordinates: 126.4/969.7
Description: Remains of an encampment with 4 stone structures and 2 stone enclosures.
Period MC: ISL.
Site typology: Encampment, enclosures.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/189Coordinates: 125.8/969.4
Description: Remains of 5 large stone structures on the eastern bank of the wadi, probably a
dwelling site (RBY). 1 of the structures is smaller than the others and its architecture is
different indicating that it may belong to another period.
Finds: Pottery and flints.
Periods MC: MP, RBY.
Site typology: Row.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/190aCoordinates: 125.6/968.9
Description: At the northern extremity of the plateau is a large Middle Palaeolithic site with
Mousterian bifacial implements of Acheulean tradition, located on an area of about 200
sqm 6 hut floors around a hill.
Finds: Several well-made Mousterian flints of the Levallois technique.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310; EA97b, p. 20.
HK/190bCoordinates: 125.7/968.9
Description: A large oval-shaped hut floor (16 x 5 m) and a small round hut floor on E.
Finds: Flints.
Site typology: Campsite.
Periods MC: MP.
HK/190cCoordinates: 125.7/968.7
Description: A geoglyph made of white stones on the hamada black ground. It is 8x3 m in size. It
has 2 stone slabs as a "head" and 2 small standing stones as "feet". On the "body"
there seems to be a representation of a vaguely anthropomorphic shape with 2 lateral
lines of stones as "arms" and a stone having the natural shape of an animal head. A
flint boulder, a flint perforated object and two flint-perforated objects were at its feet.
Site typology: Anthropomorphic stone, geoglyph, orthostat.
HK/191aCoordinates: 125.35/968.74
Description: Remains of 7 round hut floors of placed in a fan shape.
Finds: Flints of the early Early Upper Palaeolithic (Karkomian) period.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/191bCoordinates: 125.2/968.6
Description: Remains of 3 Palaeolithic hut floors, 1 is very large (about 9x6 m) with a hearth on its
side. A path reaches the hut from the opposite side. A cluster of standing stones on
west.
Finds: Flints of the Mousterian period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, orthostat.
Bibliography: EA93a, p. 48.
HK/191cCoordinates: 125.3/968.6
Description: Remains of 3 small round Palaeolithic hut floors are aligned in a row in N-S direction.
Finds: Flints of the Mousterian period.
Site typology: Campsite.
Periods MC: MP.
HK/192Coordinates: 125.7/968.3
Description: Remains of 3 small Palaeolithic hut floors. A large heap of stones seems rather of
geologic origin. In the vicinity, a large BAC scraper (ritual?).
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period. Some of them show traces of BAC retouching.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/193aCoordinates: 125.8/968.3
Description: 6 Palaeolithic hut floors. 2 of them are connected in a figure of eight. 14 m west a
double stone alignment appears as a little stone semicircle, with a stone in the centre.
Beyond the semicircle, a 7th hut floor.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, stone alignment, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/193bCoordinates: 125.7/968.3
Description: In the vicinity of site HK/193 a series of white spots, probably remains of geoglyph.
Site typology: Geoglyph.
HK/194 Coordinates: 125.6/968.2
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors. Of them, 1 is oval-shaped (m 8x3.5 in size), the other 2 are
round and smaller.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period. In the vicinity, a very large BAC scraper.
Periods MC: MP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/195Coordinates: 125.2/967.7
Description: Remains of 3 hut floors are aligned in a row from NW-SE, a path connects 2 of them.
Inside the third hut, a stone small circle may be the location a hearth.
Finds: Atypical flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Rock Art: 3 engraved rocks, 1 of them may have been an engraved orthostat now fallen in a small
stone circle.
Periods RA: IV-C, VI, VII.
Site typology: Campsite, fireplace, orthostat, rock art, stone circle.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/196Coordinates: 125.6/967.7
Description: Upper Palaeolithic site, with 4 hut floors and a large flint workshop.
Finds: Numerous Early Upper Palaeolithic flint flakes and implements.
Periods MC: UP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/197aCoordinates: 125.4/967.6
Description: 4 round hut floors, the largest measures 4.5 m. Three smaller areas cleared of stones
are most likely the remains of flint workshops.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite, flint workshop.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 310.
HK/197bCoordinates: 125.4/967.5
Description: To the south of the site 197a, 6 hut floors are aligned in N-S direction. The central hut
is oval and measures 4x2.5 m, the others are round and smaller.
Finds: An Acheulean hand axe and Upper Palaeolithic flints.
Site typology: Campsite.
Periods MC: LP, UP.
HK/197cCoordinates: 125.3/967.5
Description: To the west of the site 197a, 7 irregularly shaped hut floors aligned in a W-E direction.
Finds: Flint flakes of LP and MP with later retouching.
Periods MC: LP, MP, BAC.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/197dCoordinates: 125.4/967.4
Description: Remains of 2 hut floors.
Finds: Micoquian bifacial tools, late lower Palaeolithic.
Periods MC: LP.
Site typology: Campsite.
HK/198Coordinates: 125.9/967.4
Description: Remains of 2 Palaeolithic hut floors.
Finds: Flints.
Periods MC: LP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 311.
HK/199aCoordinates: 126.0/967.3
Description: Remains of 7 round-oval hut floors arranged in an irregular N-S alignment.
Finds: Flints of the Upper Palaeolithic period.
2 Acheulean hand-axes were found near the site.
Periods MC: LP, UP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 311.
HK/199bCoordinates: 126.0/967.3
Description: North of 199a, a group of 3 small hut floors.
Finds: Flints of the Middle Palaeolithic period, Levallois technique.
Periods MC: MP.
Site typology: Campsite.
Bibliography: EA86, p. 311.
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